Wildtype mice will be subjected to pressure overload, myocardial infarction, and chronic exercise and genetically modified mice with a beneficial response to these stressors will be compared for differences in signal transduction. In order to establish a high level of integration of different areas of expertise in signalling analysis and phenotyping, a matrix structure has been designed. This creates a framework for all researchers contributing to this Task (see Figure 3). This matrix structure ensures that standards set by reference laboratories will be defined and implemented for phenotyping of murine and human tissues.